ProposedOn the path to acceptable

Multi-constellation GNSS plus independent visual/radar fix before MASS acts

Attackers almost always spoof GPS alone. Require a second constellation and a non-RF fix (radar, visual, terrestrial) before an autonomous helm change. Class requirement, not a vendor option.

$2.5M experimental capital · 1 private / 0 institute

Who should own it

Flag states / class / IMO

Regulators

How quickly it can land

Months

A planned program, one to two quarters.

Expedited implementation

2 months

60 calendar days with a crash team

Normal implementation

8 months

240 calendar days as a planned program

Risk this mitigates

MASS autonomy on spoofed seas

Given that the IMO MASS Code is in force for cargo ships, GNSS/AIS spoofing is an operational fact in several seas, and language models are being wired onto ECDIS, remote-ops, and port automation, there is a possibility of an autonomous or remotely operated ship acting on a confident false fix, a ghost AIS contact, or a prompt that reaches steering resulting in collision, grounding, a blocked strait or port, pollution, and casualties — plus a trade shock if the failure clusters.

Residual composite 24 · still above the threshold

Effect if implemented

Applied to every failure scenario on that risk, then re-ranked. Axes are clamped at 1.

Likelihood: −1
Consequence: −1
Urgency: −1